The inventory of “railway flora” within Amur section of Transsib was made in 2020–2021. The analysis of influence of population number and density, passenger traffic, area of settlements on their local floras was carried out. For each station, the following floristic indicators were taken into account: the total number of plant species, the number of native, alien non-invasive, alien invasive, the number of woody, perennial and annual-biennial herbaceous plants. 16 railway stations located in three types of settlements were analyzed: cities, urban-type settlements and villages. It was found that the greatest number of plants grows at railway stations located in the villages (144 species) and the least – in the towns (130 species). The number of species of “railway flora”, as well as its alien and invasive fractions, has a strong positive correlation with passenger traffic and a weak correlation with the number and density of population. The influence of socio-economic factors on the number of native plant species of the “railway flora” and on the number of therophytes (both native and alien) is insignificant. The correlation of floristic richness with the area of settlements has not been revealed.