Variation of morphological characters, ontogenetic structure and vitality of 10 cenopopulations of Platanthera chlorantha (Custer) Rchb. Were studied in Kabardino-Balkar Republic during 2015–2019. The studies were conducted in the forest and meadow plant communities under different conditions of anthropogenic load (grazing, recreation). The species presents medium phytocenotic plasticity of morphological characters (phytocenotic plasticity index 42–63%) and high variation of morphological characters (average value of interpopulation variability of the traitsis 26.09%) under changeable conditions of growth. The intensification of growth processes in the individuals with the maximum increase of the cenopopulation vitality (vitality index of cenopopulations 1.06–1.22) is observed in the composition of undisturbed meadows and irregular forests. Under the intensification of the anthropogenic load and low insolation in forest, vitality of cenopopulations, the seed reproduction and the density of individuals (0.09–0.52 ind./m²) decrease. Within the meadow with high total projective cover weak seed reproduction and the low density of cenopopulations (0.04–0.07 ind./m²) are registered also. The portion of generative individuals in ontogenetic spectra of such cenopopulations is 37.4–73.5%. The seed reproduction (recovery index 0.48–1.78) and the density of individuals (1.27–5.41 ind./m²) increase within the undisturbed irregular forests.