Molecular genetic methods (sequencing of sex locus and ARR17 gene regions, as well as 14 traditionally used loci; analysis of a previously obtained dendrogram (Borkhert et al. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2023. No. 14, fig. 5)) were used to study 41 specimens of the common Moscow cultural poplar (cultivar) – Populus × rasumovskoe R.I. Schrod. ex Wolkenst. Based on our own molecular genetic data, we identified 5 vegetative clones of P. × rasumovskoe, which appeared to be geographically grouped within districts and sectors of the city, although this dependence is revealed primarily statistically. Clones vary in breadth of distribution, and it is likely that widely distributed clones are older than those found locally. The clones are hierarchically and asymmetrically grouped, but the clonal structure of P. × rasumovskoe is simpler than that of the similarly studied P. × sibirica (smaller molecular distances between clones, fewer clones themselves, only male clones, only one ‘clump’ of old and poorly distinguishable clones in the dendrogram), and this is explained by the relative youth of the cultivar. P. × rasumovskoe is about 1.5 times inferior in molecular diversity to P. × petrovskoe, 2.5 times less than P. × sibirica, and 4–10 times less than “pure” Russian poplar species.

Keywords: molecular genetic diversity, Moscow landscaping, Populus × rasumovskoe, Populus × sibirica, Razumovsky's poplar, targeted deep sequencing