Species composition and ecology of the epiphytic lichens collected on 31 species of the trees and shrubs at the rural settlements and their surrounding area were studied. In total 71 lichens species including 25 species on the fruit and berry crops were found. On many trees, even in forests the variety of species of lichens is strongly depleted. This is especially true for rural settlements, razing places, keeping and running cattle. Bryoria and Usnea species at the rural settlements and their surrounding area were not found. It was shown that G. scripta is a pioneer species on the speckled alder under the conditions of relatively strong shading and humidity.